Reservoir and tank.



VVx MUESER.

RESERWm AND TANK. .n.PPLlc/.UIGN HLED sEPT.14.-191|-,

latened May LL, 1915.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

llatented May el, ti.

application filed September le, 1911. Seria-.1 No. 649,352.

Be it known that I, WiLLiAM Monsun, va

v citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Bronx, in thevcounty of New .orln city' and State of New York, have in- 'ventedcertain new and Vuseful lmprove- L0 cation of a principle not heretoforeused in tank and reservoir design, the constructionYV of tanks andreservoirs in accordancel with this new principle and the 'adoption ofthe various details resultingfrom the novel construction as -ishereinafter pointed out.

Small circular tanks, as built heretofore, have given little trouble, asan ample amount of material could readily be used in the bottom and Wallof the tank to take care of the stresses developed by the Weight of thefluid stored in the tank, although this result has only been attained bya wasteful use of material.

Large circular tanks, both of steel and re- '25 iniiorced concrete havefrequently failed, and

are always leaking, usually in the lower part orn1 the circular Wall.4lhis is due to their construction being faulty both in principle anddetail. The larger the tank the more serious have been these defects,and the greater the Waste of material used in trying .to overcome thedefects. A

lt has been the practice to make the bottoni and the circular Wall oi'tanks, reservoirs or standpipes integral, rznly fastened together, andthe larger the tank the greater' have been the precautions taken to tie,rivet or bond these two elements together.

My invention provides .that the circular e0 Wall shallinot be united orfastened to the not been solved.

While this invention necessarily also re-y lates to tanks and reservoirsof steel con- \struction, its importance becomes most evident and it ismost readily described in connection with a lcircular"reinforcedconcrete tank or standpipe of magnitude.

Assuming a circular reinforced concrete tank to be 125 reet in diameterand 50 feet high, filled With Water: Thewater pressure at the bottoni ofthe about 50 6a5=3125 pounds per square foot; therefore, the tension inthe circular Wall for one foot of height Would be w 195,312 pounds.

It is usual to embed rings of steel bars in the concrete Wall to takecare of this tension. Allowing a tensile stress of 20,000 poundsper'square inch of steel, it Would require almost 10 4square inches ofsteel .to reinforce the circular Wall nearv the bottom for a. height ofone foot. Since allmaterials are elastic,and elongatewhen subjected totension, the steel bars will also elongate when under tensile stress.ticity of" steel is approximately 30,000,000# pounds, and the circularlength of each steel bar in a tank 125 feet in diameter, is about 393feet, and therefore the elongation of each steel bar ring under a stressof 20,000# per square inch will be aesxzacooxiz 30,000,000

This increase in length ofthe steel bar ring, corresponds to an increasein diameter of the ring of or in other Words, it is necessary for, thesteel bar ring to increase its diameter from 125k feet to 125 feet and linch, in order to 3.144` inches.

mail,

circular tank would bek The modulus of elas be strained to the extent of20,000 pounds Weight on it and its friction on foundations, y

then the circular Wall Will be shorn off the' bottom in its effort toincrease the diameter. l

My invention recognizes these facts by making bottoni and wallindependent of each other. The bottom sustains the vertical` pressureand does not 'have to expand, the circular wall sustains the horizontalpressure and is allowed to expand and contract in accordance .with thepressure exerted. The construction details to waterproof the jointbetween bottom and wall and to facil1- tate the sliding of the wall onthe bottom by reducing the friction between the two to a Aminimum are ofminor importance and may be varied without departing from the spirit ofthe invention.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical sec tion of a part of the bottomand circular Wall of a reinforced concrete tank of mag- 'nitudeembodying my invention and showing a number of construction detailsdesigned to water roof not only the joint between wall and E bottomthemselves, and Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the same on theplane of the line 2-2 in Fig. 1 and a top plan view of the parts beneathsuch plane. Fig. 3 is a view in miniature and in elevation of thecomplete structure. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a simplifiedform of construction embodying my invention; and Fig. 5 is an enlargeddetail in vertical section of one end of the base and the foot of thewall. l j

In the drawings 10 is the bottom or base of the tank made of concreteand reinforced by radial bars 11, and circular bars 12 placed atappropriate intervals in accordance with the strains they are intendedto meet. At its .outeredge the bottom is increased both in superficialand cross sectional area to form a supplemental extension annulus 13 tosupport the additional 4weight due to the wall of theitank, and 'thisisreinforced by radial bars 14 and circular bars 15 if required.

20 is the circular wall preferably tapering O,from the bottom toward thetop and reinforced by circular bars 21 arranged at gradually increasingintervals. L-beams 22 or similar elements of construction are placed Iat suitable intervals around the wall in oi'- der to give it rigidity tosupport the bars 21 and to distribute possible shearing stresses in thewall itself. This wall 20 rests upon the bottom 10 merely by gravity. Asit will move with respect to the supplemental extension annulus 13 onwhich it directly rests when subjected to Ithe horizontal pressure ofthe water, anvantifriction element may be placedr between the twocontacting surfaces, for; instance, two plates of metal, a lowerplate23vin the wall and an upper 'plate 16 inthe' annulus. The constructionwhichIprefe'r, however, ,is to insert between c these contacting surfaces alayer of relatively .soft-material, for; instance, oiled paper or tarredfelmnhichwill be somewhat readily abraded or sheared lso that'lit willcoinpletelje fill any crevices'zwhich may exist in ottom but also thewall and these surfaces and serve as a water seal be tween them. Therelative movement 'of y.these surfaces is slight and necessarily slowand this layer need not be very thick or very large. The upper surfaceof the bottom is provided with a layer of suitable waterproofingmaterial 17, for instance, asphalt, and above that there is arranged alining 18 of any suitable material. A similar sheath 24 ofwater-proofing is placed against the inner surface of the circular wall202 and this is likewise provided with a suitable lining 25. In order toallow for expansion and contraction this lining is made ibn sec# tions,and joints 26 are arranged between these sections, and these maylikewise be filled with waterproofing, if desired.

In order to provide for a maximum amount of movement between the bottomof the tank and the circular wall and to insure still further thewaterproofing of the joint, the bottom is sloped inwardly at 19 leavinga wedge-shaped depression or gutter between such slope and the lower'innersurfacc This depression is of the circular wall. preferably filledwith an elastic plastic material, like coal tar pitch, indicated at 30.'This should be applied when hot so that it will be thin and ill everycrevice in either surface. An elastic waterseal is thus formed betweenthe bottom and the circular wall.. AIf the material of which this sealis composed should deteriorate in time at places 1t can at such places.be readily renewed at any convenient time when the tank is emptywithout in the least interfering with the construction of the tank. Itis So arranged vthat the greater the water pressure, the

.but any other desirable means` for lmaking the joint water-tight may beused.

In embodying the invention various forms of construction may beemployed, andthe details may be varied within wide limits withoutdeparting from the said invention. The invention is also applicable totanks and reservoirs made'of steel, concrete and various other material.

What I claim as new is:-

1. A tank orl reservoir for luent'material, comprising a bottom and acontinuous upstanding conning wall mounted on 'the ,bot-

tom, the lower edge of said wall bein Aslidable upon the bottom topermit tlievfexpansion Vand contraction of said wall, lwithout injuringit and said bottom, and anti-fricshoulder of the bottom.

v 3. A tank or reservoir for fluent material,

:comprising a bottom having a shoulder and a continuous upstandingconlining wall mounted on the bottom alongside the shoulder, the loweredge of said wall being movlable upon the bottom to permit of its expan-4sion and contraction without injuring it or said bottom,

I a seal of substantially perma- I'iently plastic material interposedbetween ,-lth'e inner face of the side wall and the shoulderof thebottom, and anti-friction members .interposed between the lower edge ofhe wall and bottom.

A tank or reservoir for fluent material,

comprising a bottom of cementitious mate- A rial anda continuousupstandmg confining .wall of cementitious material mounted on -.lthe'bottom, the lower edgeof said wall being i slidable uponv the bottomto permit the eX- pansion and contraction thereof without injuring it orsaid bottom, said bottom fur,

ed on the bottom,

the movement of the wall on the `thermore having an upstandingcontinuous shoulder Jarranged within the conlinlng Wall and spacedtherefrom, antifriction plates interposed between the lower edge of thewall and the upper face of the bottom, and a seal of pitch-1ike materialinterposed between the shoulder of the bottom and the inner face of -thewall.

5. A tankor reservoir for fluent material,

comprising a bottom, a separate wall mounted on the bottom, and a jointbetween the wall andbottom, includingmeans to facilitate the movement ofthe wall on the bottom.

6. A tank or reservoir for fluent material, comprising a bottom, aseparate Wall mounta joint between the wall including means thatfacilitates bottom, and a liquid-proofing seal interposed between thebottom and wall.

and bottom,

7. Atank or reservoir for iuent material, j

comprising a bottom, a substantially cylindrical confining,` wallmounted on the bot.- tom, a joint between the lower end of the wall andbottom, including means that facilitatesgthekmovement of the wall on thebottomatall-points, and means for maintaining the `oint sealedirrespective of the movement oithe wall.

Intestimony whereof affix my signature in presence of Vtwo witnesses.

' 5*-, l Y. WLLIAM MUESER. Witnesses: f5. 1Cor, l

l ALAN C. McDoN-NELL.

